Aperture
In optics an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels, in photography this can be measured in increments called F-Stops.
Lens
The lens of a camera captures the light from the subject and brings it to a focus on the film or detector.
Exposure control
The size of the aperture and the brightness of the scene control the amount of light that enters the camera during a period of time. And the shutter controls the length of time that the light hits the recording surface. Equivalent exposures can be made with a larger aperture and a faster shutter speed or a corresponding small aperture and with a slow shutter speed.
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